Socialism And Its Impact On Society - 1627 Words

Introduction I ndividual people do not work in isolation from one another, but live in cooperation with each other and therefore society should share property with people who deserve it. This is the perspective of people who supported socialism and this conviction is quite contrary to that of capitalism, which revolved around individual ownership of property. Socialism, as a political movement, first occurred during the Industrial Revolution when discontent emerged from the disparity of the rich and their workers. Socialists believed that the rich people were exploiting their own wealth and were using workers as tools to increase their own personal wealth and status, meaning that the people doing the hard work remained poor and they did not have an option to try and become successful themselves. Socialism states that society as a whole should own or at least control property for the benefit of all its members. Supporters and Criticisms of Socialism Many people have supported socialism and its ideas, and have tried to convince people that it is a desirable to system to live in. One such person was Robert Owen, who showed that a business could still function properly even when taking the worker’s welfare into account and tried to set up a self-sufficient community. Owen first showed that his textile mills were able to generate profit while hiring no children under the age of 10, which was quite humane at the time. He thought that people’s feelings such as selfishness wereShow MoreRelatedfactors that contributed to the rise and development of sociology1511 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay serves to outline the factors that contributed to the rise of sociology and the latter`s development. In simply terms, sociology is the scientific study of the society and human behavior. The emergence of sociology traces back to the eighteenth century up to present day. Johnson (1998) suggests that in summary, the rise and develo pment of sociology is based on political, economic, demographic, social and scientific changes. Ritzer (2008) asserts that the immediate cause for the beginningRead MoreWhy Not Socialism? The Camping Trip1337 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Not Socialism? The Camping Trip In â€Å"Why Not Socialism?† (2009), G. A. Cohen provides an explanation and defense of socialist principles. Cohen describes that there are moments when we will behave like socialists. He uses a camping trip analogy to demonstrate his argument. Campers will share the fruits of their labour equally among the rest of the fellow campers. According to Cohen, â€Å"our common aim is that each of us should have a good time† (50). He gives situations where campers behave likeRead MoreAnalysis Of The BookThe Jungle, By Upton Sinclair1636 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican author who had an interest in addressing the improper conduct of the political and business class. He was born on September 20, 1878, in Baltimore, Maryland. As an author, he was able to publish several novels addressing important issues in the society. His novels include â€Å"The Springtime and Harvest,† which was his first novel in 1901 and â€Å"The Jungle† among many others. Through his work a nd dedication, he was also acknowledged as an activist who was ready to address and highlight any social injusticeRead MoreThe Financial Crises Of 20081701 Words   |  7 Pagesin a state of experimentation, ‘in which the conjuncture of the strange and the familiar, of the stasis and metaporphosis, plays tricks on our perceptions, our positions, our praxis.’ (Comparoff Pg.3). The Financial crises of 2008 has had a major impact on the lives of individuals, for some it has been beneficial for others dire. Many people no longer have faith in the ‘capitalism that presents itself as a gospel of salvation’ (comaroff review, find) and are embracing alternatives to lassaire faireRead MoreManifestation of Communism791 Words   |  4 Pageshitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.’ (Marx, K. F. Engels 1972 [1848], p.1) This is the opening text from Marx and it is the theme of the rest of the chapter. Marx writes of the oppression of the p roletarians and how the capitalist bourgeoisie have commodified them. He describes his disapproval for the capitalists stating that there is revolt from the proletariats due to the exploitation that was taking place, this would be the same for any capitalist society. Throughout theRead MoreFrom The Depths By William Balfour Ker1139 Words   |  5 PagesAnna Fogle, Northridge High School, 9th grade World History Intro to Capitalism Standard: 9.9) Describe the impact of technological inventions,conditions of labor, and the economic theories of capitalism, liberalism,socialism, and Marxism during the Industrial Revolution on the economies, societies, and politics of Europe. Common Core: CCRS-W9. Draw evidence from literary or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research. Objective: Students will analyze an image titled â€Å"FromRead MoreThe Notions Of Capitalism And Socialism773 Words   |  4 Pages a. What is your understanding of the notions of capitalism and socialism? Capitalism and socialism are opposing schools of thought in economics and the role of government. Socialists believe economic inequality is bad for society, and the government is responsible for reducing it via programs that benefit the poor (e.g., free public education, free or subsidized healthcare, social security for the elderly, higher taxes on the rich). On the other hand, capitalists believe that the government doesRead MoreConservatism : Liberalism And Feminism914 Words   |  4 PagesLiberalism, conservatism, socialism, and feminism all share similar attributes in the way they are used in today’s age. Some of these political stances clash with each other, some coincide, such as liberalism and socialism, versus conservatism. Feminism in itself, is another political stance that’s been introduced later on in time. In this essay, each political stance will be talked about, from the left-wing progressives, to the right-wing conservatives, and will conclude with the subject of feminismRead MoreAn Optimistic Comparison of British National Healthcare and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act1078 Words   |  5 PagesNational Healthcare and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act During the past 5 years we have heard a great deal of rhetoric regarding socialism and healthcare as a result of the passing of the Affordable Care Act, particularly in how ACA compares to socialized medicine in England and the UK. The concerns of the people regarding socialism are important as our country is founded on capitalist principals, and to change those principals requires a complete shift in our thinking. A closeRead MoreThe And The Balance Of Socialism1370 Words   |  6 Pages May Fourth and the Balance of Socialism in China This essay examines the acceptance of communalism in China amidst all the challenges that contributed and moulded it. These challenges include anarchism, communism and New Village Movement. After the end of World War 1 and subsequent collapse of the Qing dynasty, the May fourth era was a time when China seemed intimidated by social war resulting from inequalities of modernization and imperialism from abroad. The Chinese intellectuals were opposed

The Problem Of Drug Abuse - 1006 Words

A significant stage of an adolescent’s life is struggling to fit in with what their classmates and friends are doing. Whether this be the latest dance trend or type of sneaker everybody, everybody wants to fit in. Unfortunately, this at times translates into terrible trends†¦ terrible trends like drug abuse. According to Pew Research Center, marijuana is the â€Å"most commonly used drug at all grade levels†. With that exact problem in mind, T.A.D.A. was formed. Teens Against Drug Abuse was established in the year 2014 to prevent and act against teenage drug abuse. Drug abuse is a life-threatening habit that, if it does not end a life at any early age, can physically or emotionally cripple a teenager for the rest of their lives. When analyzing the root of any problem to find a solution, one can clearly see that in most cases, preventive action could have been taken. However, when the problem has developed, present action must be taken. When the problem has been res olved, action can be taken to prevent the problem from emerging again. Our organization, T.A.D.A focuses our attention to all three of these stages when fighting teen drug abuse. T.A.D.A organization members know very well that protecting our youth is protecting our future. Our members are also moved by sincere love and interest of leading the misguided youth to a better future. The first stage consists of preventing children and teenagers from falling into the terrible habit of abusing drugs. Prevention consists ofShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse Is A Problem Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesDrug abuse is a big problem and there are solutions, but everyone has to work together to achieve them. A possible solution might be to educate the different groups of drug users about the effects of drug abuse. Another is to place a higher priority on eliminating the source of the drug problem, such as the more popular known drugs like marijuana, cocaine, tobacco, nicotine and the others. Keeping the next generation from even starting drug abuse will completely eliminate the problem, but achievingRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug Abuse1331 Words   |  6 PagesBaltimore’s residents are addicted to the drug† (Yang, 2014). Graph one’s statistics represent the number of deaths caused by heroin in Baltimore, Maryland from January through June 2007-2014: (Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene [Graph 1], 2014). As the graph above illustrates, drug abuse is a disease that is often overlooked and if untreated it could turn into a recreational activity for the people using them and eventually increase the number of drug enthusiasts throughout Baltimore. ManyRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug Abuse1525 Words   |  7 PagesEach year â€Å"Drug abuse kills about 200,000 people† (Drug Abuse Kills 200,000 People Each Year, 2012, para.1). As of now, there is no sure way to get people to stop doing drugs. Addicts are everywhere in licking county and even though drug abuse might not be able to be stopped completely but, there are always way to help users. Clean needle exchanges are a sure way to stop the spread of disease among addicts. Every day thousands of addicts are sharing needles because they have no other option, theyRead MoreThe Problem Of Drug Abuse3586 Words   |  15 PagesAbstract When it comes to teenage drug abuse, marijuana, cocaine, LSD and other illegal drugs might come to mind. In fact four out of five people, when asked what they believed was the most abused drug among teens, answered: alcohol, heroin, cocaine, meth and caffeine. While all these drugs are of concern, the use of them in teens is declining. Adolescence are becoming more aware of the side effects and consequences of using these drugs. Narcotic pharmaceuticals are a rising issue in teens todayRead MoreDrug Abuse And The Social Problem957 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a social problem? Social problem is every conditions that is recognized as a social problem existed for some time before it came to be â€Å"defined† as such. What is a drug abuse in the social problem? Drug abuse is desire to use more drug than enough or than what prescription of the doctor in order to be comfortable and stimulants at the end the user become addicted and hopeless. Drug can be used with any gender according the age in the different environment and location, such as CommunityRead MoreDrug Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesDrug abuse is a worldwide problem and one that has plagued the United States for decades. Drug abuse negatively impacts not only the individual user, but also our society as a whole. The fight to prevent the manufacturing and trafficking of illegal drugs into the country has made very little impact on its accessibility to those that wish to partake. According to the National Drug Control Budget Report for 2015, the President of the United States request $25.4 Billion in Fiscal Year 2015 in orderRead MoreThe Problem Of Drugs And Alcohol Abuse765 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction My chosen contemporary social problem is drugs and alcohol abuse. It goes without saying that drugs and alcohol abuse is one of the most significant social problems not only in the United States but also around the world. As a matter of facts, drugs and alcohol abuse is a problem with innumerable effects both on the body and mind of a person. Many times, these adverse impacts affect the families, friends, and acquaintances of the addict whereby, for instance, the latter may lose theirRead MoreThe Problem Of Prescription Drug Abuse1461 Words   |  6 Pages(Quotes about Drug Abuse). This quote by Wayne Gerald Trotman describes how heartbreaking it is to contemplate on exactly how many people’s lives have been adversely impacted as a result of abuse. Child abuse, animal abuse, and sexual abuse are all major types of abuse; however, prescription drug abuse is a problem that is drastically skyrocketing in today’s society. While other addictions and abuses are equally signi ficant, it is imperative that people put a stop to prescription drug abuse using twoRead MoreDrug Abuse Is A Major Problem1122 Words   |  5 PagesDrug abuse is a major problem in the United States and throughout the world as more and more people become addicted every day. â€Å" We live in a society where millions of Americans are dependent on drugs or alcohol and only a small percentage receive treatment at a facility. In fact, the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found that 21.5 Americans age 12 and older had a substance use disorder in the previous year; however, sadly only 2.5 million received the specialized treatment they neededRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse Is A Serious Problem1547 Words   |  7 PagesBailey Glanville Mrs. Landgrebe Advanced Composition/4 21 December 2014 Research Paper Prescription drug abuse is a serious problem in today’s society. Prescription drug abuse is taking medicine prescribed for someone else, for another purpose, a larger dose than prescribed, in a different way than one is specifically prescribed. (â€Å"Prescription Medline† par. 1). This includes using a prescription to get high by crushing, snorting, or injecting them (â€Å"Prescription Medline† par. 4 and 5). By using

Historical Background of Chinese Schools in Malaysia Free Essays

History of Chinese national type school Starting out early in the 19th century, the Chinese society has already made a stand on sustaining their language and culture to the point that they decided to request for their own Chinese national type school. Realizing that this could cause an up stir in racism in Malaysia, still the Chinese society in Malaysia strongly believed in preserving the Chinese language among the Chinese youths. In the beginning, they were asked to give up their properties to be incorporated with the National School system, which for the Chinese caused an uproar but after negotiating a deal was made and they agreed to instead become â€Å"National Type† schools. We will write a custom essay sample on Historical Background of Chinese Schools in Malaysia or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through this system, the government could only be in charge of the school curriculum and teaching personal while the buildings still belonged to the schools. During this time, primary schools were allowed to keep Chinese as the medium in the schools and their book but for Secondary schools they were required to switch to English-medium schools. More than 60 schools changed to National Type schools, including the famous Chung Ling High School, Penang Chinese Girls School, Jit Sin High School and Ave Maria Convent High School, Sam Tet High School. Even though according to the proposal that most subjects are allowed to use the medium of English, the teaching and learning of Mandrin remained compulsory in these schools, with most of them dedicating at least one seventh to one fifth of their teaching time per week to Mandrin studies. Even with all the compromising the proposal was looked at as almost impossible for a tad of them, making some of some of the Chinese schools turn to become private high schools or Chinese high schools as they were called later on. During the 1960s and 70s this concept slowly turned under the lime light making many of the National Type schools reopen their independent high school branch. The numbers kept increasing to a point where the political situation made it difficult to set up additional independent Chinese high schools. There are 60 independent Chinese high schools in Malaysia, including Foon Yew High School which is the largest secondary school in Malaysia with over 7000 students. Foon Yew High School was the first school to object and decline the government’s proposal, as well as the first high school to have a branch campus (located in Kulai) National-type Secondary Schools are called Malaysian Independent Chinese Secondary Schools (MICSS) which came into being after the Education Act 1961, determined to use their mother tongue to preserve the Malaysian Chinese culture. In 1973, Dong Jiao Zong formed the MICSS Working Committee, to develop the examination and syllabus of the 60 Independent Schools in Malaysia. The â€Å"Unified Examination started in 1975 and has continued to be run every year since. (UCSCA, page 1) http://www. nst. com. my/latest/chua-to-meet-dpm-over-teacher-shortage-in-chinese-schools-1. 48918# http://www. teo-education. com/teophotos/albums/userpics/053_Early_Education_in_Malaysia. pdf http://malaysia-today. net/mtcolumns/from-around-the-blogs/34572-why-we-chose-chinese-school-for-our-children- http://educationmalaysia. blogspot. com/2005/06/national-vs-chinese-school-i. html How to cite Historical Background of Chinese Schools in Malaysia, Essay examples

Policy and Guidance Impacting on Support Services at National Level free essay sample

Research the policy and guidance impacting on support services at national level and evaluate how this operates at local level The government wants children and young people to have more opportunities to get involved in the design,provision and evaluation of policies and services that affect them or which they use. Minister will be looking to their individual departments and agencies to develop robust but realistic arrangement to make sure this happens. Actively involving children and young people in this way will produce better services. Ultimately that will produce better outcomes for children and young people,as well as stronger communities,as department and agencies across government draw on children and young people s contributions to shape and tailor service to meet real. Rather than presumed needs, The purpose of this guidance is to Introduce the core principles on which this work should be based. Provide departments with some early advice and background and with signposts to additional help,so that departments can develop effective plans and Let departments know the broad timetable for action Government on strategic priorities and the effective implementation of safeguarding policy. We will write a custom essay sample on Policy and Guidance Impacting on Support Services at National Level or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We have taken immediate action to start to transform the social work profession. We are clarifying and strengthening the key role of Local Safeguarding Children Boards. And we are establishing a new National Safeguarding Delivery Unit to ensure a co-ordinated approach across Government and to support and challenge Children’s Trusts and local authorities to drive up standards and the quality of practice. This document sets out the Government’s detailed response to Lord Laming’s report and our plan of action to deliver the step change which he has called for. It is an action plan to which I and my colleagues across Government are firmly committed but one which we know we cannot deliver alone. Keeping children and young people safe must be the responsibility, every single day, of us all. Nothing we can do will bring back the children who have died at the hands of their abusers or relieve the suffering of those children who have been deliberately harmed. But we have to be determined to learn the lessons and to act now to make a lasting difference so that more children will be protected in future. we must move further, faster.

Green Computing Research Project free essay sample

This assignment is due for online students by midnight on Sunday of Week 6 and for on-ground students before Week 7’s class meeting. Submit your assignment to the course shell. Read the Green Computing Research Project, Part 2 in Appendix C. Document the requirements and develop a scope statement. Write a 2-3 page paper in which you: Document the requirements based on the information provided and assumptions that you have made, including a requirements traceability matrix. Include a list of questions to ask the sponsor about the project scope. Include at least six (6) questions for full credit. Develop a scope statement for the project. Describe product characteristics and deliverables. Use at least two (2) quality resources in this assignment. Your assignment must: Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Computing Research Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Summarize how the PMBOKÂ ® process groups and knowledge area are involved throughout the project life cycle. Use technology and information resources to research issues in IT project management. Write clearly and concisely about issues in IT project management using proper writing mechanics.

Confucius was a mere preserver and transmitter of tradition, while Muhammad was an innovator. Discuss the validity or otherwise of this statement.

Confucius was a mere preserver and transmitter of tradition, while Muhammad was an innovator. Discuss the validity or otherwise of this statement. Confucius was a Chinese philosopher, one of the most influential figures in Chinese history. (Ching p52) According to tradition, Confucius was born in the state of Lu of the noble K'ung clan in 551 BCE. (Bishop p14) His father, commander of a district in Lu, died three years after Confucius was born; leaving the family in poverty. Confucius nevertheless received a fine education. During the four years immediately after his marriage, poverty compelled him to perform menial labours for the chief of the district in which he lived. His mother died in 527 BCE, and after a period of mourning he began his career as a teacher, usually travelling about and instructing the small body of disciples that had gathered around him. His fame as a man of learning and character and his reverence for Chinese ideals and customs soon spread. Confucius described himself merely as a ‘transmitter of culture, and for the majority of his teachings this is true, but claims can also be supported that he was a ‘conservative innovator in some of the ideas he presented.Gunboat Smith & Pelky [i.e., Pelkey] (LOC)Unfortunately for Confucius, the fruits of his labours occurred long after his death.Chinas traditional religion was ancient, diverse and as complex as the people themselves. It consisted of two indigenous traditions, Confucianism and Taoism, and later in the 1st century CE, Buddhism crept in from India. All three sat comfortably with the Chinese, often complimenting one another. Yet, religion was not restricted to the practices of these three. Ancient practices such as ancestor veneration and several other folk religions focussing on divination were commonly integrated. Amazingly, each of these aspects blended together to form a coherent whole, a concept that is extremely foreign to western understandings of religion. (Ching p31) Even today, such practices and beliefs are still an...

In the Dark of Night Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

In the Dark of Night - Essay Example Nothing in our history has been so heinous a crime and yet some people actually survived the ordeal and wrote about the experience. The book Night by Elie Wiesel, is a true account of Wiesel's experience in the Nazi concentration camp system, and it is one book among many that shows the courage and faith of a people who had a strong will to survive. 1. The Climate of the State The nature of the State was brewing prior to the actual years of the Holocaust. Wiesel begins his experiences in 1941 when he was 12 years old. However, the State became volatile after the first world war. After this war, the Germans had lost face with the rest of the world. The US, Britain, France and Italy were Allies and wanted to make sure that the Germans would not go to war again (Wood 31). The Allies signed The Treaty of Versailles, which made the Germans lose part of their land and pay "crippling reparations" (Wood 31). Another important event was the Locarno Pact that was between Britain, Italy, Czecho slovakia, France, Germany, Poland and Belgium. This Pact was to confirm Europe's borders that had been set at the Treaty of Versailles. However, Hitler was present at that meeting and decided by 1928 that this rule did not apply to him (Wood 31). Hitler understood that the common German people were upset about their loss and feeling disillusioned. By 1936, Hitler totally ignored the Locarno Pact and moved forward with his goal of annihilating a race. Hitler made the German people believe that the cause of their trouble was the outsiders, which he named the communists and Jews (Wood 33). His rule was based on anti-Semitic over exaggerations and on creating fear about the Jews who were very different from everyone else. The challenge for most people is to understand why Hitler chose to single out the Jews for his wrath. According to Bryan Caplan, Professor of Economics at George Mason University, Hitler went after the Jews because he could. Hitler systematically looked for a target th at matched what he had learned about evolutions. He chose the Jews because they were the "right kind of victim", and they made sense for him to prosecute them. He weighted many options to come to this conclusion. Hitler understood that these were people who would not fight back, and he took advantage of the situation as best he could. The nature of the State at that time was one of fear, ridicule, anger and hate. 2. Relationship between Civilization and the Individual The Jews were a successful race of people because they stayed to themselves and only helped each other. Their religion did not ask them to fight back so they became an easy target. They were very devout in their religion, they loved their families, their community and they thought they were safe. Their civilization was organized and structured and as Tevye the milkman said in Fiddler on the Roof "Everyone knows who he is and what God expects him to do" (Holland 2). At this time, the Jews understood who they were in the ir communities and they were a collaborative people who helped each other collectively. However, the Nazi Regime pushed them into thinking of themselves as individuals. Dienke Hondius, a professor at VU University in Amsterdam, compared the events of the Holocaust with what happened in slavery. She points to the themes of genocide, racism, and human rights violations (S63) that were prevalent in both situations. Also, the issue of family, community and religion were the same for both cultures. However, when the slaves came to America they were also treated as individuals. In both instances, the idea of autonomous individual did not exist for the Jews or for the slaves before the interference of outsiders to their civilization. Now, having to move away

Care of Vulnerable people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Care of Vulnerable people - Essay Example One of the reasons that might result in schizophrenia are genes associated with the family where the man comes from, which caused alteration of the brain structure. Secondly, the man can be born with a risk of developing mental illness when he attempts to use harmful drugs such as illicit drugs. Often, depressions such as family tensions may cause mental illness to be developed by the persons (Calder, 2010). This condition of schizophrenia is of priority to the country so much since it needs to intervene by ensuring there is education regarding those who have this kind of mental illness. The patient may recover as he can learn topics that enable him to adapt to changes needed to manage the disease and acquires life skills. It is a concern of the government since it hires the personnel (Lambert, Naber & Killackey, 2012). Nurses also play the important roles in efforts of fighting against schizophrenia. One of the roles is that they give patients medicines that decrease symptoms by equalizing the chemical in the brain. The nurses also offer support to the affected (Frank & Cobb, 2005). Vulnerability is defined both as psychological and physiological. Psychological vulnerability is a trend of developing panic disorder over harmful occasions or even additional alerts that arise from experiences, which have predictions and control. Biological vulnerability is a tendency of a body of a person to be neurobiological much reactive to stress. This client diagnosed with schizophrenia is at a high risk since they exhibit a greater frequency neurological signs, which are not accurate at an early development of the children of the affected parents. Risk is the chances of having effects such as illness to occur as a result of physical or biological factors over a specified period. On the other hand, resilience is the ability of someone to adapt to depressions and stress in a proper way. Risk increases high chances of

Sale of Goods and Agency Section 14 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sale of Goods and Agency Section 14 - Assignment Example The shopper made their purpose for which they intended to use it but the trader did supply that specific commodity that could be used in that specific manner. The court issued a verdict that the goods were not worth for the use and that the client had declared the intention for the goods. â€Å"Caveat emptor† is a forewarning to customers to exercise caution when making purchase of a product in order to avoid deceit by the fraudulent traders who may cone them of their money or products or even supply substandard goods at an exorbitant price. During the transfer of property in merchandise, clients are advised to take caution to verify the value of those merchandise and ensure that there will serve the intended purpose4. This is imperative in order to reduce the legal cases relating to the sale of inferior supplies. In Bartlett v Sidney Marcus [1965] 2 All ER 753, lord Denning declared that merchantability refers to use of good for some specific purposes and that this did not re quire the good to be useful in all aspects per se5. It was for the same reasoning that in Thain v Anniesland trade centres [1997] SCLR 991 the car with fault gearbox was still considered to be of superior value6. According to section 14(2) it is presumed that traders in their ordinary duties are obliged to supply their clients with goods that meet their required value7. However, the law does not offer specific characteristics of assessing the quality of goods. Thain v Anniesland trade centre [1997] SCLR 991, the buyer purchased a second hand car whose gearbox was faulty. However, the court gave a verdict that the car was of right superior value.8 However, in Britvic Soft Drinks v Messer UK Ltd [2002] EWCA Civ 548, the supplier was held responsible for distributing tainted carbon dioxide gags which was to be used for manufacturing soft drinks9. According to the revised act, of 1992, section 14(2) defines product as fit for the reason it was intended for if it is able to serve all rea sons10. It should also physically satisfy the buyers need. In ss.14 & 15 SGA 1979, the buyer should have been given sufficient time to check for any fault, security and stability. However, this may not apply if the clients were aware of the issue which is making the good unworthy for the use it was intended, where the buyer was given an opportunity to examine the good before making purchase or if the sale was by sample there was an opportunity for the buyer to inspect the sample11. According to ss.14 & 15 SGA 1979, the seller is not accountable in regard to the security of the goods in case they have a flaw which could not be recognized at the time of the sale or if the declaration of this flaw could not the arrangement of the agreement12. In Grant v The Australian Knitting Mills ([1936] A.C. 562), the plaintiff had contracted dermatitis after putting on woollen garments manufactured by the defendant because of presence of sulphite and that the client used them for a week unwashed. The court verdict was that defendant was answerable for the distress experienced by the plaintiff13. From this case, the law holds that goods are fit for the right purpose and are considered acceptable if the buyer would still purchase them without making request for

Network Aware Adaptive Media Streaming in Mobile Cloud

Network Aware Adaptive Media Streaming in Mobile Cloud Authors Name/s per 1st Affiliation (Author) line 1 (of Affiliation): dept. name of organization line 2-name of organization, acronyms acceptable line 3-City, Country line 4-e-mail address if desired Authors Name/s per 2nd Affiliation (Author) line 1 (of Affiliation): dept. name of organization line 2-name of organization, acronyms acceptable line 3-City, Country line 4-e-mail address if desired Abstract—This electronic document is a â€Å"live† template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract) Keywords—multimedia streaming; mobile cloud; ranking; QoS I. Introduction In recent years, mobility of computing devices has caught the fascination and attention of many users all over the world. This has led to rapid advancement in mobile technology and now users can easily stream high quality multimedia content like audio and video on the go. A huge limitation to this, however, is the loss of quality that is incurred while transferring the data. Due to the mobile nature of the devices, varying signal strength can lead to packet loss which ultimately leads to the reduction in the quality of service (QoS). In addition, the memory available in mobile devices is relatively low. To overcome these constraints, data is stored and retrieved from a cloud. Cloud computing addresses the QoS related issues and reliability problems. The cloud has a large amount of storage space and computation power. Harnessing the power of the cloud, it will be possible to service the needs of multiple mobile clients simultaneously. Using the cloud, it is possible to allocate resources on demand and reallocate them dynamically. In order to stream data from a cloud to a mobile device, a coding and decoding architecture like H264/SVC is necessary. This architecture is an extension of the H.264/AVC. It ensures that the same quality of video that can be obtained using H.264/MPEG-4 AVC design on the mobile device. It employs spatial scalability and temporal scalability. According to spatial scalability samples of high quality data can be predicted from their decoded low quality counterparts. Using temporal scalability, the entire video is modelled in such a way that the motion is encoded as dependencies so that the picture for subsequent frames need not be encoded directly. In order to boost QoS, a technique called Bayesian-Gaussian method is used to predict the bandwidth available to the mobile user. Once the bandwidth has been predicted, the data is encoded using xuggler transcoding algorithm. To finally stream the video, multipath routing protocols are used and ranks are provided to each node to ensure that none of them have to wait indefinitely to be serviced. Following this, a comparison is made to the existing Bayesian technique proposed by Keshav[1]. II. Related Work A. Mobile Cloud Compuing A mobile cloud computing setup is one in which mobile devices outsource the computational power of the cloud. Data storage and processing are both performed outside the mobile device. B. Streaming Content C. Role of Cache in Real Time Streaming The role of the cache has been outlined by Wu et al[2]. When a Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) request is sent by a machine, the cache memory is initially searched. In case a cache miss occurs, the original server services the request. D. Improving Quality of Service A number of different approaches have been proposed in order to ensure that the quality of service is maximized. One such method presented by Wang and Dey[3] uses a technique that varies the complexity of the content depending on the network. Non-essential data in a scene are omitted to accomplish this. Lai et al[4] have also put forth an approach to data streaming that depends on the network. Prediction of the bandwidth is done based on measured historical data. This will help prevent the wastage of bandwidth. It is also noted that the video format to be used is to be chosen. This is performed by a Bayesian prediction module. A third approach is detailed by Thuy An et al[5]. Enhancements are made to the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) in order to provide an overall better experience. The data separated into two categories and compressed. Lossless techniques are used to provide the best possible output. E. Ranking The various approaches mentioned in the previous section discuss improving QoS with respect to one user. But in reality, the cloud is simultaneously accessed by more than just one user. For this reason, it is important to ensure that there is some scheduling mechanism in place that will monitor the incoming requests so that no client request is forced to wait for too long without being serviced. Zhou et al[6] have proposed a novel approach in which all the competing mobile devices work together to minimize congestion. This approach aims to strike a balance between reducing the distortion in data and increasing the performance of the network as a whole. III. Proposed Work The proposed model has two major components: the mobile device and the cloud. The mobile device simply issues the request while the cloud provides a rank, predicts the bandwidth and then streams the video accordingly. The architecture has been outlined in Fig.1. A. Mobile Device The implementation of the mobile portion of the architecture is fairly straight forward. The user is provided with the option to specify the location of the video in the cloud server. Then, the cache is check to see if the requested data is available. If it is, the data is transferred directly from the cache. This type of cached data will be accessible offline as well. In the case where a cache miss occurs, the server is accessed to retrieve the data. B. The Cloud The videos that are to be stream are stored in a separate database. When a request is made, the video is streamed using the cloud. In order to do this, three major modules are implemented in the cloud. In the cloud, the users are ranked and then the bandwidth available is estimated. Finally, xuggler transcoding is used to encode the data and the encoded data is transferred to the mobile device for viewing. Each operation is handled by a different module as show in Fig.2. C. Bandwidth Prediction D. Xuggler Transcoding E. Ranking The ranking module is used to ensure that QoS is improved while transmitting the data. Once the bandwidth has been determined, the data has to be sent in such a way that the congestion in the network is as low as possible. Ranking is done based on the user profile. The user profile contains a history of the user’s downloads as well as the bandwidth measured. Poorly performing nodes in the system are identified using this ranking system and they can be enhanced to improve the overall functioning of the network as a whole. F. Channel Assignment Once ranking is done, multipath routing algorithms are used to transfer the data. Link states are determined and the several feasible paths are selected. Since several paths are selected, the chances of congestion and packet loss are reduced. The most suitable channel for transmission of the data can be determined by solving the linear programming equation Min (1) The process of selecting the best channel is shown in Fig. 3. IV. Output The proposed system has been implemented and its results have been compared with that of the Keshav’s Bayesian technique. It can be seen that the proposed system works better than Keshav’s system consistently. Comparative studies have been undertaken on the basis of bandwidth and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). A. Bandwidth The bandwidth predicted by the proposed system is a lot closer to the actual measured bandwidth than that predicted by Keshav’s system. The graph in Fig.4 clearly shows the deviation of both techniques from the actual measured bandwidth. B. PSNR and Bit Rate The quality of the video streamed can be determined based on the bit rate as well as the PSNR. The proposed system performs better than Keshav’s system on both counts. This is shown in the graph in Fig.5. C. Video Quality The comparative study only shows us how the system works in comparison to Keshav’s existing system. To determine the effectiveness of this system, a detailed study of the video quality was performed and has been summarized in Table 1. Conclusion It is clear from the studies undertaken that the proposed Bayesian-Gaussian technique works well at predicting the bandwidth available. The xuggler transcoding also ensures that quality is preserved. Thus, using a mobile cloud it is possible to stream videos without a loss in quality and also without forcing the user to wait for the video to load. Acknowledgment (Heading 5) The preferred spelling of the word â€Å"acknowledgment† in America is without an â€Å"e† after the â€Å"g.† Avoid the stilted expression â€Å"one of us (R. B. G.) thanks †. Instead, try â€Å"R. B. G. thanks†. Put sponsor acknowledgments in the unnumbered footnote on the first page. References The template will number citations consecutively within brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the bracket [2]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]—do not use â€Å"Ref. [3]† or â€Å"reference [3]† except at the beginning of a sentence: â€Å"Reference [3] was the first † Number footnotes separately in superscripts. Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the column in which it was cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference list. Use letters for table footnotes. Unless there are six authors or more give all authors’ names; do not use â€Å"et al.†. Papers that have not been published, even if they have been submitted for publication, should be cited as â€Å"unpublished† [4]. Papers that have been accepted for publication should be cited as â€Å"in press† [5]. Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in translation journals, please give the English citation first, followed by the original foreign-language citation [6]. G. Eason, B. Noble, and I.N. Sneddon, â€Å"On certain integrals of Lipschitz-Hankel type involving products of Bessel functions,† Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529-551, April 1955. (references) J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rd ed., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68-73. I.S. Jacobs and C.P. Bean, â€Å"Fine particles, thin films and exchange anisotropy,† in Magnetism, vol. III, G.T. Rado and H. Suhl, Eds. New York: Academic, 1963, pp. 271-350. K. Elissa, â€Å"Title of paper if known,† unpublished. R. Nicole, â€Å"Title of paper with only first word capitalized,† J. Name Stand. Abbrev., in press. Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, â€Å"Electron spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate interface,† IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Japan, vol. 2, pp. 740-741, August 1987 [Digests 9th Annual Conf. Magnetics Japan, p. 301, 1982]. M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University Science, 1989.

Argument For Legalizing Euthanasia Essay examples -- Pro Euthanasia Es

A patient is diagnosed with brain tumors that have spread to their bones and muscles. The doctor gives them three months to live, but only with the continuation of treatment. They spend most of their remaining time in a hospital receiving chemotherapy and radiation treatments. They must be pushed in a wheelchair because they are too sick to walk and spend the rest of their few months in pain, knowing they will die but not sure when. That is how the last few months of Cristy Grayson's life was spent. Now ask yourself, what would you do if you were in this situation? Would you want to spend the last few months of your life unhappy and in pain, or die peacefully? For some, euthanasia is not an option, but for others it is a way to end their suffering and have a peaceful death. Although some view euthanasia to be morally wrong, voluntary euthanasia should be legalized in the United States to end the suffering of others, help patients who have the ability to live a longer life, and decrea se the cost of health care. Euthanasia is an act of killing an incurable patient who is suffering or in pain. Euthanasia comes from a Greek expression for â€Å"good death† and, in other words, allows the patients to die and easy death without suffering. Euthanasia can be described as voluntary, involuntary or active, and passive. Voluntary euthanasia is being put to death with the consent of the patient; involuntary is where the patient is to ill to give consent, so a physician or close family member gives consent for them. Passive euthanasia is when common treatments, such as, antibiotics, pain medications, or surgery, are withheld. Active euthanasia is the use of lethal substances that will end a patient’s life. No matter what form of euthanasia is used... ...a. Hamlon Kathi. â€Å"Could euthanasia or assisted suicide be used as a means of health care cost containment?† Patient’s rights council. Jan. 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2014. Pearlman, R. "Why Do Patients Request Physician-Assisted Death?† ProConorg Headlines. 10 July 2008. Web. 10 Dec. 2014. Pereira, J. â€Å"Legalizing euthanasia and assisted suicide.† PMC. 19 June 2012. Web. 5 Dec. 2014. Standley, Tim. "Jack Kevorkian's Horrible Career Offers a Warning against Legalizing Euthanasia." News Jack Kevorkian’s Horrible Career Offers a Warning against Legalizing Euthanasia Comments. 4 June 2011. Web. 10 Dec. 2014. Stevens, Kenneth. "PCCEF - Articles." National Legal Center for the Medically Dependent and Disabled. 2006. Web. 3 Dec. 2014. Swarte, N. "Effects of Euthanasia on the Bereaved Family and Friends: A Cross Sectional Study." BMJ. 24 July 2003. Web. 10 Dec. 2014.